![]() ![]() In a 3 way valve, the pilot can be referred to as Internal or External, meaning that the pilot fluid is taken from the inlet (Internal) or from an additional external port (External). The solenoid coil can be very small as it only controls the flow of a small diameter impulse line that allows the fluid to open the main diaphragm or piston. Pilot operation is the opposite of the direct lift principle in that the main force required to open the valve is provided by the media pressure. This direct lift principle works well for small valve sizes or very low pressures but as valve sizes increase, the size of coil and its power consumption rises exponentially making it bulky and expensive. Solenoid valves operate using electromagnetic attraction to move the valve from the seat and most often, a spring to return the valve to the start position. Note that this usually reduces the maximum working pressure compared to an equivalent NC or NO valve. Universal valves can be piped as either NC or NO as well as being used as diverting or selecting functions as the valves can accept flow in any direction. When the coil is energised, the inlet port will close and the flow path from the outlet to exhaust is opened. ![]() Normally open (NO) means that the valve is open and fluid flows from the inlet to the outlet and the exhaust port is blocked when the coil is de-energised. The outlet port is connected to the exhaust port when de-energised and this path becomes blocked once the coil is energised, linking the inlet and outlet instead. Normally closed (NC) 3 way valves block the path between the inlet and outlet ports until the coil is energised. Unlike 2 way valves, 3 way solenoid valves will usually have 2 ports open at any one time and which ports are open while the coil is de-energised determines the function. Normally closed, normally open or universal? In addition to material options for the valve body and elastomers for compatibility with a wide range of gases and liquids. #3 way electric solenoid valve for water manual#
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